Plant Stages vise Hazard Identification and Hazard Analysis Techniques

The life span of a process industry comprises a number of stages from conceptual to decommissioning. Each stage of a plant may have hazards, some general and some stage specific. Hazard identification and risk analysis techniques that may be applied at different stages of a plant are given in below Table. 

No.

Project Stage

Hazard identification/ Hazard Analysis Techniques

 

1.

Pre-design

a.       Hazard Indices

b.       Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)

c.        What-if analysis

d.       Checklists

 

2.

Design Modification

a.       Process design checks and checklist

b.       HAZOP studies

c.        Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA)

d.       What-if analysis

e.       Fault tree analysis

f.         Event tree analysis

 

3.

Construction

a.       Checklists

b.       What-if analysis

 

4.

Commissioning

a.       Checklist

b.       Plant safety audits

c.        What-if analysis

 

5.

Operation and maintenance

a.       Plant safety audits

b.       What-if analysis

c.        Checklists

 

6.

Decommissioning or Shutdown

a.       Checklists

b.       What-if analysis

 Reference: IS 15656 2006