Fire Extinguishment - Principles
Starvation
By eliminating the Combustible Fuel.Smothering
By cutting off the OxygenSupply.
De energizes
By cooling to a point below the ignition temperature.
Inhibition of Chain Reaction
Breaking the Chain Reaction |
| Fire Tetrahedron GIF |
STARVATION
•Combustion will cease if unburned fuel is removed by physical or mechanical means.
•Electrical equipment- Electrical current supply cut off.
• Gas Fires – stop the flow of gas.
•Storage Tanks – Transfer to another tank.
•Water curtain-blocks the passage of heat to the fuel.
SMOTHERING
•Oxygen is removed or prevented from reaching the combustible material.
•This can be done by-
o blanketing
o diluted by an inert gas
o dispersion by non-combustible powder
o blanket of foam
De energizes (COOLING)
•Heat is removed by cooling with water.
• Cooling of the burning material reduces the temperature of the material.
•If the temperature of the material is below the ignition temperature, combustion ceases.
INHIBITION OF CHAIN REACTION
•This can be achieved by some vaporizing liquids or dry chemical powder.
•DCP captures these free radicals and slows down chain carriers. Due to breaking the chain reaction, fire will no longer occur.
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